Tag: OSHA

Win Gold for Cost Effective Safety: EU-OSHA Explains

London OlympicsThe European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) has called for an increase in workplace health and safety awareness, despite the difficult economic times.  An annual report from EU-OSHA encourages readers to devote time and resources to making health and safety an investment, not a cost.

EU-OSHA director Dr. Christa Sedlatschek realizes companies are facing economic pressure to cut back on health and safety measures, stating, “For many companies, simply surviving in business has become their main focus. Organizations need to remember, though, that good workplace health and safety is vital, not only for ethical reasons, but also for economic competitiveness.”

One area in which the awareness and efforts of health and safety was evident was during the construction of many of the Olympic sites and during the games themselves. The Institution of Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH) praised the efforts of the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA), the public body responsible for developing and building the venues for the 2012 Olympic Games.

According to IOSH, the below key takeaways outline communication techniques used during Olympic site construction to increase health and safety in a cost efficient manner.

  1. Lead from the top –Set standards and engage with the workforce to direct, motivate and change behavior by focusing on its long-term goals.
  2. Develop competent supervisors – Ensure that supervisors are knowledgeable and utilize communication skills to influence understanding and behavior.
  3. Foster an open, positive safety culture – Encourage workers to get engaged with the health and safety process in order to make safety a dominating factor of the culture.
  4. Reward good behavior – Incentives and rewards help promote and encourage safe behavior. In some cases, positive feedback can be the real reward.
  5. Review and learn – Review and communicate any problems across the organization in order to learn how to improve health and safety.

These techniques provide useful solutions for increasing workplace safety without increasing costs.

Resources:
https://osha.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/health_safety_pays_even_difficult_times_eu-osha_annual_report_2011?sourceid=rss&utm_source=home&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=rssfeeds http://www.shponline.co.uk/commentcommunity-content/full/construction-companies-can-learn-from-olympics-h-s-successes-says-iosh
http://www.safetysignsupplies.co.uk/news/iosh-praises-olympics-health-and-safety~801431977.html#.UDI35almQrQ
http://www.london2012.com/about-us/the-people-delivering-the-games/oda/

Black Lung: The Coal, Hard Truth

Many thought black lung was eradicated by legislation passed in the late 1960s and early 1970s. However, according to a recent report from National Public Radio and the Center for Public Integrity, the number of patients diagnosed with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, or black lung disease, has doubled in the past decade. Over the past three decades, the average coal miner’s work week has grown by 11 hours or more per week, equaling about 600 additional exposure hours per year. At the same time, mining machines have become increasingly more efficient, meaning workers are exposed to a higher amount coal dust for longer periods of time.

Black lung can cause shortness of breath, airway obstruction, severe cough, chronic lung disease and potential heart failure. There is no cure for black lung, but avoiding long-term exposure to coal dust can help prevent the disease.  Employers are encouraged to have a Respiratory Protection Program for the long-term health benefit of their employees.

Consider the following when designing a Respiratory Protection Program:

Care, Maintenance and Tag-out: Respirators and equipment should be properly maintained and inspected on a regular basis, ideally before each use. If defects are found, the damaged equipment should be removed and tagged out.

 Enforcement: This is one of the largest deficiencies in a respiratory program.  Disciplinary actions should be taken when an employee is not wearing the proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).  PPE can only protect an employee if they are wearing it.

 Environment: It is important that a company is familiar with the materials with which it will be working and the hazards employees may encounter. This includes hazardous materials’ effects on the body, material exposure limits, potential reactions and inhalation risks.

 Fit: Fit-testing is important for each individual required to wear a respirator. Facial hair, glasses, ear-rings, etc. can compromise a respirator’s seal. Each individual should ensure a complete seal and comfortable fit before each use.

 IDLH Atmospheres: A company needs to determine if it is willing to work in Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) atmospheres. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health defines IDLH as atmospheres that are “likely to cause death or immediate or delayed permanent adverse health effects or prevent escape from such an environment.” If a company decides to do work in IDLH environments, it needs to ensure that adequate measures are taken to protect employees. This can include proper training, PPE, monitoring and rescue procedures.

Respirator Choice: It is crucial that the correct respirator is chosen for the job being performed. Different materials require different cartridges for filtering or respirator complexity/strength. One job may require something as simple as a medical mask, while another may require a full face mask or Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus.

Since mine dust monitoring began, black lung has contributed to the deaths of more than 70,000 miners. For more information on dust control, visit OSHA’s Dust Control Handbook.

Resources:
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=12716 
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001187/ 
http://www.msha.gov/focuson/controlthedust2007/Respirable%20Dust%20Control%20Card2.pdf 
http://www.npr.org/2012/07/09/155978300/as-mine-protections-fail-black-lung-cases-surge 
http://www.forbes.com/sites/christopherhelman/2012/07/09/new-case-against-coal-black-lung-is-back/

Safety Inspections Save Money and Lives

Recent studies from Harvard University and the University of California show employers save billions of dollars in workers’ compensation costs by implementing random OSHA inspections. The research concludes that random inspections help reduce the number of work-related injuries on job sites.

The studies compared eight hundred companies, half of which were subject to random safety inspections. The control group consisted of the other half, which were not subject to inspections. 

The results demonstrated companies that implemented inspections decreased injury claims by 9.4 percent and saved approximately 26 percent in workers’ compensation costs as compared to companies that were not inspected.

Although researchers predicted small financial savings as a result of implementing inspections, they were surprised at the enormity of their findings and agreed inspections are beneficial to companies. Researcher, Michael Toffel, stated, “We thought our results might have been driven by fewer big problems… or perhaps by a particularly dramatic decline in smaller injuries… but we found it to be an across-the-board effect.” Results indicated that by implementing inspections, the average employer saved approximately $355,000, based on 2011 statistics. This potentially equates to $6 billion in savings for employers nationwide.

This evidence proves that OSHA regulations and inspections can provide major value to workplace health and safety. Furthermore, researchers concluded there was “no evidence that these improvements came at the expense of employment, sales, credit ratings, or firm survival.”

Resources:
http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6993.html
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6083/907
http://social.dol.gov/blog/osha-saves-lives-and-jobs/
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2012/05/its-official-random-inspections-.html

Fall Protection

Falls are considered one of the main hazards for workers on job sites, particularly those that require work at elevated heights. However, slips, trips, and falls in the workplace can be just as dangerous.

In the U.S. construction industry, falls are the leading cause of worker fatalities. In Canada, more than sixty thousand workers are injured annually due to fall accidents. This number is approximately fifteen percent of the time-loss injuries that were acknowledged by workers’ compensation boards across Canada. Last year, more than 10,000 employees suffered a major injury as a result of a slip or trip while on the job in the United Kingdom.

Each year, the National Safety Council (NSC) and OSHA, collaborate to determine the top 10 most commonly cited violations in the United States. In 2011, fall protection was the top ranking violation.

In March of 2012, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approved the following two American Society of Safety Engineers’ (ASSE) standards addressing fall protection:

  • ANSI/ASSE Z359.14-2012, Safety Requirements for Self-Retracting Devices for Personal Fall Arrest and Rescue Systems
  • ANSI/ASSE Z359.4-2012, Safety Requirements for Assisted-Rescue and Self-Rescue Systems, Subsystems and Components

Tom Wolner, chair of the above subcommittees, stated “The major focus [of these standards is] to emphasize the need for preplanning each potential rescue scenario with the expectation that employers and equipment users will use the code to develop effective rescue procedures.”

The following steps should be taken to minimize the risk of a fall hazard:

  • Where protection is required, select fall protection systems appropriate for the given situation
  • Regularly clean the construction work area of all debris
  • Use proper construction and installation of safety systems
  • Supervise employees properly
  • Train workers in the proper selection, use, and maintenance of all protection systems
  • Properly store and maintain fall protection equipment (store away from heath and chemicals, remove dirt buildup, etc.)
  • Regularly inspect anchorage points for weakening, sharp edges, cracks and tears
  • Place hazard signs where a slip or trip is likely to occur
  • Consider alternate, safer routes
  • Improve gripping (slip-resistant coating, hand rails)

Resources:
http://www.osha.gov/doc/outreachtraining/htmlfiles/subpartm.html
http://www2.worksafebc.com/publications/OHSRegulation/GuidelinePart11.asp
http://ezinearticles.com/?Fall-Protection-and-Safety&id=503154
http://ehstoday.com/ppe/fall-protection/ansi-standards-fall-protection/ http://ehstoday.com/standards/osha/OSHA-top-10-citations-0202/ http://www.hse.gov.uk/shatteredlives/index.htm
http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/falls.html

Heat Illness Prevention Campaign 2012

As the summer months quickly approach, the heat associated with this season is sure to follow. This creates a potentially dangerous hazard for all workers whose services involve working outdoors. However, heat-related illnesses can affect anyone exposed to heat, including those working indoors.

For this reason, Dr. David Michaels hosted a press conference on Monday, May 7th, announcing OSHA’s 2012 Heat Illness Prevention Campaign. This nationwide campaign is being launched to educate workers on the dangers of working in environments with heat hazards. Last year, more than 4,000 workers experienced heat stress or heat illness, and as many as 40 of those cases resulted in death.

Workers at risk of heat stress include firefighters, farmers, construction workers, miners, boiler room workers, factory workers, military, health care, emergency response and cleanup personnel and many more.

The risk of heat stress increases greatly if a worker:

  • Is 65 years of age or older
  • Is overweight
  • Has heart disease or high blood pressure
  • Takes medication(s)

To help ensure the success of this campaign, Dr. Michaels and OSHA have released a list of industry-specific resources and a free “Heat Safety Tool” application available for download on smartphones. The application allows workers and supervisors to calculate the heat index of their workplace environment, displays the risk level associated with that heat index and even provides reminders about protective measures used to reduce the risk associated with heat-related work.

To download the application, visit the OSHA website: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/heatillness/heat_index/heat_app.html

Resources:
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=NEWS_RELEASES&p_id=22329
http://ohsonline.com/articles/2012/05/07/osha-renews-heat-illness-prevention-campaign.aspx
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/heatstress/industry_resources.html
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/